Oil burner



Aug. 28,1928. W. KAUFFMAN OIL BURNER Filed Jan. 25, 1927 gwoentoz l/FFNAN UWALTER I64 described and Patented Aug. 2'8, 192d.

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WALTER KAUFFMIAN, COLUMBUS, OHIO.

OIL BURNER.

Application filed January 25, 1227. Serial No. 183,522.

This invention relates to liquid fuel burners andhas for its principal object to provide a burner adapted for general uses, so formed as to be simple yet eiiicicnt in construction, effective in action, and less expert sive to manufacture than burners of ordinary construction and now in general use.

Another important object of the invention resides in the provision of an oil burner designedto secure efficient atomization of the fuel oil to the end of securing perfect combustion at the end of the burner with but the employment of ordinary blast pressures, thus eliminating the use and cost of highly compressed air or high pressure steam heretofore generally used in oil burner designs.

lVith these and other objects in view, as will appear as'the description proceeds, the invention consists in the novel features of construction, combinations of elements and arrangements of parts hereinafter to be fully pointed out in the appended claim.

1n the accompanying drawing:

Figure 1 is a view in side elevation, and partly in vertical section, of the improved oil burner comprising the present invention,

Figure 2 is a front view of the spray nozzle or distributing head,

Figure 3 is a detail sectional view of the spray nozzle.

Referring more particularly to the accompanying drawings, the numeral 1 designates the casing of the burner. In this instance the casing is formed to comprise an elbow casting 2 which has the vertically extending leg thereof connected with an air blast conduit 3, the latter leading to a source of air supply by which air at a comparatively low pressure, such for exan'iple as six-ounces per square inch, may be obtained.

lhe horizontal leg of the casting 2 is exteriorly threaded as at 4C for the reception of a collar 5. The outer end of this collar is flanged as at 6 for registration with a similar flange provided peripherally upon a distributor head 7. Passing devices 8 pass through the flanges of the collar and the head to re tain the latter elements in secured engagement. A gasket 9 may be situated between said flanges to secure a fluid tight connection.

Extending longitudinally and. axially through the casting 2 and the collar is a liquid fuel supply pipe 10. The outer end of this pipe passes through a gland 11 provided in the casting 2 and is connected with the casing of a manually adjusted needle valve 12. An oil supply pipe line 13 is connected with the inlet sideof the valve 12 and is adapted to supply the pipe with a suit able quantity of liquid fuel under pressure, the line 13 being provided with a convention al term of oil strainer 14. The oil pressure in the pipe line 13 is such, together with the adjustment of the needle valve, that oil will be forced through the pipe 10 under pres sures varymgfrom ten to twenty pounds per square inch.

The outlet end of the pipe 10 is provided with a spray nozzle which consists of a cap 15, which is internally threaded for CODDQU' tion with the outer end of said pipe. The front of the cap 15 is provided with a tapering orifice 16 in which is arranged the conical head of a valve 17. The stem of this valve 18 arranged axially within theouter end of the pipe 10 and is provided with a fixed washer 18. Surrounding the valve and confined between the washer 18 and the front wall of the cap is a coil spring 19, which normally serves to maintain the head of the valve 17 in a seated position within the orifice. However, in the operation of the burner this valve responds to the internal fluid pressures within the pipe 10 and opens the orifice 16 to a greater or lesser degree, depending upon the fuel pressure, so that the oil will be discharged in a finely divided state or in atomized form into the mixing chamber 20 pro vided in the head 7 i .1

Internally the head 7 is provided with a partition wall 21 provided with an axial opening 22 in which the cap 15 is positioned. .lidditionalopenings 23 are provided in the tween the air blast conduit and the mixing chamber. i

In the operation of the burner oil under approximately the pressure specified, is

as wall 21 and establish communication be forced through the pipe 10 and past the valve .17, by way of the orifice 16, into the mixing chamber. lice and the cooperative formation of the head of the valve 17,t0gether with the pres sures employed, the oil is finely atomized and is in proper condition for admixture with the air and to obtain a state of carburization suitable for efficient combustion. Air is then passed through the air brass conduit, under comparatively low pressures, and due to the conical form of the partition wall 21, and

Due to the formation of the orithe position of the openings 23 therein together with the outwardly flaring form of the head of the valves 17 it will be seen that, in operation, a thorough commingling of the liquid fuel in spray form with the incoming air will be effected because of the intersecting fluid streams, thereby bringing about a condition making for efficient carburization of the fuel together with corresponding complete combustion. By this arangementl have provided a burner which operates effectively Without employing compressed air, high pressure steam or other more expensive atomrzing mediums. The parts of the burner are of extremely simple construction, of long lift and durability and not likely to become out of order or to require any umusual attention in maintaining perfect operation thereof.

It is obvious that variations in the details of construction and arrangements of parts may be made without departing from the spirit or principles of the invention, and therefore I do not Wish to be limited to such specific features, except as hereinafter particularly required bythe claim.

What is claimed is:

An oil burner embodying a low pressure air blast conduit, a distributinw head removably carried by the outer end of said conduit and formed to include a forwardly converging mixing chamber, a wall formed integral withthe inner end of said head of substantiall conical form, said wall being provided wit openings establishing COIlllIllllllCfitlOIl between said chamber and said air blast eonduit, the axes of said openings intersecting the axis of said chamber, and oil supply passing longitudinally through said com uit, a spray nozzle carried by the.- outer end of said pipe and communicating with the inner end of said chamber, said nozzle being fonned to include a discharge orifice, and a sprin pressed valve serving normally to close said orifice but responsive to fluid pressures within said pipe to admit of the passage of oil through said orifice to inject the oil in spray form into said chamber.

In testimony whereof. I affix my signature.

WALTER KAUFFMAN. 

